ethers-svelte

Ethers Svelte

Ethers.js library as a collection of stores for Svelte, Sapper or SvelteKit.

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ethers-svelte

ethers-svelte is a package that integrates the ethers.js v6 library as a collection of readable Svelte stores for Svelte or SvelteKit. It provides a convenient and reactive way to interact with Ethereum blockchain using ethers.js in your Svelte applications.

Key features:**

  • A set of reactive Svelte stores, automatically updated when a new connection, or when the chain or the selected account changes
  • Support for ethers.js version 6, with compatibility for various EVM providers (such as browser wallets like Metamask, WalletConnect, Web3Modal, web3-onboard and more)
  • A few basic Svelte components for typical ethers.js usage, such as Balance, Identicon, and Jazzicon, demonstrating how it is easy to build common UI elements in your application.

With ethers-svelte, you can quickly set up connections to Ethereum blockchain, manage accounts and contracts, and create reactive UI components that respond to changes in the underlying blockchain data. This package simplifies the process of building decentralized applications using Svelte or SvelteKit (Sapper should also works but it's official support is now deprecated).

ethers-svelte support ethers.js version 6. If you want the same package for ethers.js version 5, please use the package svelte-ethers-store.

If you also use the web3.js library to interact with EVM, you may be interested by the sister package svelte-web3.

Community

For additional help or discussion, join us in our Discord.

Installation

To use ethers-svelte in your Svelte or SvelteKit project, you need to add it as a dependency:

npm i ethers-svelte

Once the package is installed, you can import and use the provided stores and components in your application, as shown in the Basic Usage and Ethers Svelte Components sections.

Basic Usage (Default Stores Connected to One Chain)

In this section, we will cover how to use the default stores provided by ethers-svelte for managing a single chain connection. The default stores include connected, provider, chainId, chainData, signer, signerAddress, and contracts.

Derived Stores

ethers-svelte provides a set of readable Svelte stores that automatically update when a new connection is established, or when the chain or selected account changes. Import the required stores in your Svelte or JavaScript files:

import {
  connected,
  provider,
  chainId,
  chainData,
  signer,
  signerAddress,
  contracts,
} from "ethers-svelte"
  • connected: store value is true if a connection has been set up.
  • provider: store value is an Ethers.js Provider instance when connected.
  • chainId: store value is the current chainId when connected (** always a BigInt **)
  • chainData: store value is the current blokchain CAIP-2 data (when connected), see below.
  • signer: store value is an Ethers.js Signer instance when connected.
  • signerAddress: store value is a shortcut to get $signer.getAddress() when connected.
  • contract: store value is an Object for all ethers.Contract instances you need.

To make these stores useful in your Svelte application, you first need to establish a connection to an EVM blockchain. Use the defaultEvmStores helper to initiate the connection and instantiate all stores:

import { defaultEvmStores } from "ethers-svelte"

Connecting with the Browser Provider (e.g., MetaMask)

To enable a connection with the current EIP-1193 provider injected into the browser's window context, simply call the setProvider() method on the defaultEvmStores helper without any arguments:

defaultEvmStores.setProvider()

Please note that using setProvider() without any arguments is only possible in a browser context. When using SvelteKit, you may want to use the onMount function. Similarly, you cannot use setProvider with no argument in SSR context.

import { onMount } from "svelte"

onMount(() => {
  // Add a test to return in SSR context
  defaultEvmStores.setProvider()
})

ethers-svelte will automatically update the stores when the network or accounts change, and it will remove listeners upon disconnection.

Abbreviating the defaultEvmStores Helper

It's common to abbreviate the defaultEvmStores helper in applications. For example, you can use a evm shortcut alias as shown in the following example. This documentation will use this convention going forward.

import {
  defaultEvmStores as evm,
} from "ethers-svelte"

// ...

evm.setProvider()

By using the evm alias, you can simplify your code and make it easier to read while still retaining the functionality provided by the defaultEvmStores helper. This convention allows for cleaner code organization and improved readability in your Ethereum-based applications.

Connecting with Non-Injected EIP-1193 Providers

For non-injected EIP-1193 providers like:

  • buidler.dev
  • ethers.js
  • eth-provider
  • WalletConnect
  • Web3Modal
  • Web3 Onboard

Call the setProvider() method on the evm helper with the JavaScript provider instance object of the library. For example, with Web3Modal:

const web3Modal = new Web3Modal(<your config>)
const provider = await web3Modal.connect()
evm.setProvider(provider)

ethers-svelte will automatically update the stores when the network or accounts change, and it will remove listeners upon disconnection.

Connecting with Other Ethers.js Providers (ws, http, ipc, ...)

You can instantiate various types of providers using Ethers.js (see the relevant documentation) and pass them as an argument to evm.setProvider() to initiate the stores:

evm.setProvider(new ethers.InfuraProvider(<args>))
// or
evm.setProvider(new ethers.EtherscanProvider(<args>))
// or
evm.setProvider(new ethers.AlchemyProvider(<args>))
// etc...

As a shortcut, if you pass a URL string or a valid connection object, an Ethers.js JsonRpcProvider will be automatically instantiated.

For providers that support the getSigner() function, a Signer Object will be automatically associated with the signer store. You can also pass addressOrIndex as the second argument of setProvider() to select another account than the default when possible.

evm.setProvider(<Ethers provider>, <addressOrIndex>)

If you don't need a signer, you might also call setProvider() with the argument addressOrIndex set to null, which will bypass any attempt to detect an account.

Using the Stores

After a connection has been established, you can import the stores anywhere in your application. Most of the time, you should use the $ prefix Svelte notation to access the store values.

<script>
  import { connected, chainId, signerAddress } from "ethers-svelte"
</script>

{#if !$connected}

<p>My application is not yet connected</p>

{:else}

<p>Connected to chain (id {$chainId}) with account ($signerAddress)</p>

{/if}

The example above allows you to display connection status, chain ID, and signer address in your application based on the current connection state.

As you build your application, you can use these stores to create reactive UI components that respond to changes in the underlying blockchain data.

Using the Ethers.js Providers and Signers API

To leverage the full functionality of Ethers.js Providers and Signers within your Svelte application, use the $ prefix Svelte notation to access the provider and signer stores. This allows you to call methods from the Ethers.js API directly.

For example, you can interact with the blockchain using the following Ethers.js methods:

import { connected, provider, signer } from "ethers-svelte"

// ...

const { name, chainId } = await $provider.getNetwork()

const balance = await $signer.getBalance()

$signer.sendTransaction({ to: <recipient>, value: <amount>, gasLimit: <gasLimit> })

Remember that for providers that don't support getSigner, the value of $signer will be null.

By using the $ notation to access the provider and signer instances, you can ensure that your application's UI components will react to any changes in the underlying blockchain data. This simplifies the process of creating and managing decentralized applications using Svelte.

Using the Contracts Store for Reactive Contract Calls

The contracts store allows you to interact with smart contracts reactively by declaring their address, ABI, and an optional logical name. To do this, use the attachContract() function provided by evm.

<script>
  import { defaultEvmStores as evm } from "ethers-svelte"

  // ...

  evm.attachContract("myContract", <address>, <abi>)
</script>

The attachContract() function only needs to be called once and can be called before a connection is established. Ethers.Contract instances will be created when a connection becomes available. If you want to reattach a new contract definition or ABI when the current network changes, simply use the same logical name. The old definition will be overwritten, and the instance updated in the contracts store.

After declaring a contract, you can access its instance anywhere in your application using the $ notati*on and the logical name:

<script>
  import { contracts } from "ethers-svelte"

  // ...
</script>

{#await $contracts.myContract.totalSupply()}

<span>waiting...</span>

{:then value}

<span>Result of contract call totalSupply on my contract: {value}</span>

{/await}

By default, ethers-svelte builds contract instances using the signer if available and the provider otherwise. You can force the use of the current provider by passing false as the fourth argument to attachContract().

evm.attachContract('myContract', <address>, <abi>, false)

By using the $contracts store, you can create reactive UI components that interact with smart contracts and automatically update when the underlying contract state changes.

Accessing Stores Outside of Svelte Files

When working with pure JavaScript files outside of Svelte components, you cannot use the $ prefix notation to access store values directly. Instead, you can use the $<store> method provided by the defaultEvmStores/evm helper to access the instantiated values without subscribing to the store:

// this is not a Svelte file but a standard JavaScript file
import { defaultEvmStores as evm } from "ethers-svelte"

if (evm.$selectedAccount)) {
  // Do something if the store selectedAccount is non-null
}

You can use the $<store> methods with any of the available store names, such as connected, provider, chainId, chainData, signer, signerAddress, and contracts.

Forcing a Disconnect (and Removing All Listeners)

There might be situations where you want to disconnect from the current provider and remove all associated listeners. To achieve this, simply call the disconnect() method on the defaultEvmStores/evm helper:

evm.disconnect()

This method will reset the connection state, remove all listeners, and update the store values accordingly. You can use this method, for example, when your application needs to switch between different providers or when the user logs out.

By disconnecting and removing listeners, you can ensure that your application remains responsive to user actions and maintains a clean state when transitions occur between providers or user sessions.

Human Readable Chain CAIP-2 Information

The chainData store provides human-readable information about the currently connected chain in the CAIP-2 format. This information can be useful for displaying details about the connected chain and updating UI elements reactively.

Accessing Chain Data

To access the chain data, simply import and use the chainData store:

import { chainData } from "ethers-svelte"

The information returned by the chainData store depends on the connected chain. If the store has not yet been connected (with setProvider()), the store value will be an empty Object.

Example

The following is an example of the CAIP-2 formatted information when the default store is connected to the Ethereum Mainnet. The chainData store will return an object containing various information about the connected chain, such as its name, chain ID, native currency, and more.

You can use this information to display relevant details about the connected chain in your application and update your UI reactively based on the current chain data.

{
  "name": "Ethereum Mainnet",
  "chain": "ETH",
  "icon": "ethereum",
  "rpc": [
    "https://mainnet.infura.io/v3/${INFURA_API_KEY}",
    "https://api.mycryptoapi.com/eth"
  ],
  "faucets": [],
  "nativeCurrency": {
    "name": "Ether",
    "symbol": "ETH",
    "decimals": 18
  },
  "infoURL": "https://ethereum.org",
  "shortName": "eth",
  "chainId": 1,
  "networkId": 1,
  "slip44": 60,
  "ens": { "registry": "0x00000000000C2E074eC69A0dFb2997BA6C7d2e1e" },
  "explorers": [
    {
      "name": "etherscan",
      "url": "https://etherscan.io",
      "standard": "EIP3091"
    }
  ]
}

Accessing All Chains CAIP-2 Data Directly

If you want to access all chains CAIP-2 data directly without using the chainData store, you can use the allChainsData getter. It returns the list of all available CAIP-2 data.

import { allChainsData } from "ethers-svelte"

console.log(allChainsData)

Alternatively, you can use the getChainDataByChainId helper function, which takes the chainId as an argument and returns the corresponding CAIP-2 data or an empty object if not found.

import { getChainDataByChainId } from "ethers-svelte"

console.log(getChainDataByChainId(5))

These methods allow you to access chain-specific information without relying on the reactive chainData store, making it easier to work with multiple chains or retrieve data outside of Svelte components.

Ethers.js Svelte Components

ethers-svelte includes several basic Svelte components designed to simplify common tasks when building Ethereum-based applications. These components demonstrate how to use the ethers-svelte library effectively and serve as reusable and composable best practices components. Currently, the library includes Balance, Identicon, and Jazzicon components. We encourage community members to contribute and help develop additional components by joining our discussions in our Discord.

You can find example usage of these components in the components route in the example directory.

Balance Component

The Balance component displays the balance of a specified Ethereum address. To use the Balance component, import it and pass the address as a prop:

<script>
  import { Balance } from 'ethers-svelte/components'
</script>

<p>Balance: <Balance address="0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000" /></p>

Identicon Component

The Identicon component generates a unique identicon (a visual representation of an Ethereum address) using the ethereum-blockies-base64 library. To use the Identicon component, import it and pass the address as a prop:

<script>
  import { Identicon } from 'ethers-svelte/components'
</script>

<Identicon address="0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000" />

Jazzicon Component

The Jazzicon component generates a unique and colorful identicon using the @metamask/jazzicon library. To use the Jazzicon component, import it and pass the address and size (optional) as props:

<script>
  import { Jazzicon } from 'ethers-svelte/components'
</script>

<Jazzicon address="0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000" size={32} />

These components serve as a starting point for building your Ethereum-based applications using ethers-svelte. You can further customize them and create additional components according to your application's requirements. By leveraging the reactivity and simplicity of Svelte along with the powerful features of ethers.js, you can create a seamless and efficient user experience for your decentralized applications.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How can I automatically connect to a provider on page load?

Auto-connecting on page load is outside the scope of this package. However, the implementation depends on the type of provider you are using and a method to store connection information between page loads (e.g., using localStorage). You can create a custom function that connects to your desired provider and calls evm.setProvider() on page load.

2. Can I use ethers-svelte with multiple chains simultaneously?

Yes, you can create multiple instances of EVM stores by calling makeEvmStores(name) with a unique name for each instance. This allows you to manage connections, accounts, and contracts for different chains independently.

3. Can I use ethers-svelte with Sapper or SvelteKit?

Yes, ethers-svelte works with both Sapper and SvelteKit. However, Sapper suppory is not officially supported and when using setProvider() with no arguments in a server-side rendering (SSR) context, you should use the onMount lifecycle function to ensure it is called only in the browser context.

4. Is there an example of integrating ethers-svelte with Web3 Onboard

Yes, you can refer to the Rouge Ticket application, which demonstrates the integration of ethers-svelte and Web3 Onboard. The wallet configuration can be found in the wallet.js file:

https://github.com/TheRougeProject/ticket-dapp/blob/main/src/lib/wallet.js

This example will help you understand how to use ethers-svelte in conjunction with Web3 Onboard to build a seamless and user-friendly Ethereum application.

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